Here is a checklist to follow before you prepare and/or distribute copies, prepare derivative works, or publicly perform or display material that may be protected under copyright law.
1. Is the work in the public domain?
If yes, no permission is needed; go ahead and use it.
2. If the work is not in the public domain, does it fall within the guidelines developed for C.O.D.
If yes. Which Guideline?
If no, proceed to a fair use analysis.
3. If it does not match any of the guidelines, may fair use be invoked instead of obtaining permission?
PURPOSE
Favoring Fair Use
| Opposing Fair Use
|
Teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use)
| Commercial activity
|
Research
| Profiting from the use
|
Scholarship
| Entertainment
|
Nonprofit educational institution
| Bad-faith behavior
|
Criticism
| Denying credit to original author
|
Comment
|
|
News reporting
|
|
Transformative use
|
|
Restricted access (ex. students in class)
|
Parody
|
NATURE
Favoring Fair Use
| Opposing Fair Use
|
Published work
| Unpublished work
|
Factual or nonfiction based
| Highly creative work (art, music, plays, films, novels)
|
Important to educational objectives
| Fiction
|
AMOUNT
Favoring Fair Use
| Opposing Fair Use
|
Small quantity
| Large portion or whole work used
|
Portion used is not central
or significant to entire work
| Portion used is central to work
or "heart of the work"
|
Amount is appropriate for favored educational purpose
|
EFFECT
Favoring Fair Use
| Opposing Fair Use
|
User owns lawfully acquired or purchased copy of original work
| Could replace sale of copyrighted work
|
One or few copies made
| Significantly impairs market or potential market for copyrighted work or derivative
|
No significant effect on the market or potential market for copyrighted work
| Reasonably available licensing mechanism for use of the copyrighted work
|
No similar product marketed by the copyright holder
| Affordable permission available for using work
|
Lack of licensing mechanism
| Numerous copies made
|
| You made it accessible on Web or in other public forum
|
| Numerous copies made
|
| Repeated or long term use
|
This checklist for fair use is based on an original document developed by the Copyright Management Center at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.
4. If you are using the work in an online or electronic course have the TEACH Act requirements been met?
The institution:
- Is an accredited nonprofit educational institution.
- Has policies regarding copyright
- Provides materials that "accurately describe and promote compliance with, the laws of the United States relating to copyright" to faculty, students, and staff.
- Provides "notice to students that materials used in connection with the course may be subject to copyright protection."
- Limits access to enrolled students.
Information Technology Department:
- Ensures that transmission is limited to enrolled students.
- Places technological controls on storage and dissemination that prevent "retention of the work in accessible form ...for longer than the class session. and to prevent students from further disseminating the work.
- Does not allow technological measures that were on the original material to be bypassed.
- Makes certain that the material is not maintained "on the system or network" longer that the period needed to make the transmission.
- Only retains copies of the digital transmissions so long as no further copies may be made.
Instructors:
- Use a non dramatic literary or musical works
- Use a reasonable and limited portions of dramatic works, displays of any work.
- Do not use a work that is produced "as part of mediated instructional activities transmitted via digital networks" or copies that are not legally made.
- Participate in the planning and teaching of the online course
- Only use materials as an integral part of the classroom experience.
- Are not using textbooks or other materials typically bought by students.
- Only convert analog materials to digital if a digital equivalent is not readily available.
If the work is not in the public domain, is not covered by the C.O.D. guidelines, and fair use does not apply, then you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.